Медиация билер салған сара жол

Елбасымыз Қазақстан Республикасы Президентінің 2009 жылғы 19 қарашадағы судьялардың V съезінде сөйлеген сөзінде: «Сот тәртібінде қарастырылуға жататын даулар санын азайтып, оларды шешудің балама тәсілдерін, соның ішінде бітімгершілік рәсімдер мен медиацияларды енгізу маңызды. Бұл сот төрелігінің  қалыпқа келуіне мүмкіншілік туғызады»- деген болатын.

Медиацияны қолдану аясын кеңейту үшін ол жөніндегі насихат жұмысын қолға алу қажет. Медиация сөзін азаматтар көп жағдайда жете түсіне бермейді. "Медиация" латыннның "медиагере" -" бітімгершілікке жүру" сөзінен алынған. Осылайша, Қазақстан Республикасының "Медиация туралы" Заңы елімізде дауларды шешудің жаңа бастамалы түрін бекітіп, республикада дауларды соттан тыс  реттеу институты енгізілді.

Медиация заңы қабылданар алдында шетелдің, Америка, батыс елдеріндегі медиация институттарын зерттей отырып қабылданды. Дегенмен, өз  тарихымызға көз жүгірте отырып, медиацияның яғни бітімгерліктің қазақ билерінің кеңінен пайдаланған билік құралы екендігі айқындалады.

Академик С.Зиманов бұл тұрғыда: «Қазақ құқығында барлық дау-дамайлар азаматтық-құқықтық сипатқа ие болды және олар мүліктік немесе ұялтатын, масқаралайтын, бітімгершілік және өзге де азаматтық жазалаумен ғана шектелді. Сөйте тұра, әділдік туы асқақ болды. Жетімін жылатпады, жесірін қалдырмады. Бұдан артық қандай ізгіліктік керек?!»- деп билердің бейнесін тарихта алтын әріппен қалдырды.

Сондай-ақ,  қазақта қыз мұраты – кету, жол мұраты – жету, дау мұраты – біту» деген мақал бар. Мұндағы «біту» сөзі – бітістіру, татуластыру, бітімгершілік дегенді білдіреді. Тарихтан белгілі билеріміз рулар арасындағы дауды құнын төлеп, ары қарай тату бірлікте болуды қолдаған. Тараптарды табыстырып, екі жақты ұтымды жағдайға келтіре білген. Бүгінде билеріміздің салған сара жолы бүгінгі күннің билері судьяларға үлгі, өнеге.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

2016 жылы қолданысқа енгізілген Қазақстан Республикасының Азаматтық Процестік кодексіне татуласу рәсімдері бөлек тарау ретінде бекітілді. Осы кодекстің 174 бабының тәртібі бойынша сот тараптардың татуласуы үшін шаралар қолданады, дауды процестің барлық сатыларында реттеуде оларға жәрдемдесетіні көрсетілген. Іс жүргізу заңының жаңадан енгізіліп бекітілген өзгерістері бойынша бірінші сатыдағы сотта медиацияны өткізу үшін басқа судьяға беріледі. Тараптардың өтініш хаты бойынша медиацияны іс жүргізуінде іс жатқан судья өткізуі мүмкін. Осыған сәйкес республиканың барлық судьяларымен медиация тәртібімен  дауды реттеу бағытында олардың кәсіби - біліктіліктіліктерңн арттыру шаралары қолданылады. Медиацияны аппеляциялық сатыдағы сотта өткізуі үшін іс әдетте соттың алқалы құрамындағы судьялардың біреуіне беріледі.

        Медиация сотта "Медиация туралы" Қазақстан Республикасының Заңына және Қазақстан Республикасының Азаматтық процесстік кодексінде белгіленген ерекшеліктерге сәйкес өткізіледі. Сот тараптардың өтініщ хаты бойынша медиация рәсімін белгіленген мерзім шегінде кейінге қалдыруға және егер басқа тұлғалардың  қатысуы дауды реттеуіне ықпал етсе, оларды медиацияға шақыруға құқылы.

        Егер дауды медиация тәртібімен реттеу туралы келісім сот актісін орындау сатысында жасалса, ол сот актісінің орындалатын орны бойынша бірінші сатыдағы сотқа немесе көрсетілген сот актісін қабылдаған сотқа бекітуге ұсынылады.

        Процесті кодексінің бұл ерекшеліектері медиацияның іс жүргізудің барлық сатысында өткізуге мүмкіндік береді. Медиацияның мемлекет және ең маңыздысы халық үшін жағымды жақтары көп болғандықтан соңғы реформалары оны дамытуға бағытталған. Бүгінде республика соттары медиацияның қарқынды дамуына өз үлестерін қосып жатыр. Әрбір сот ғимараттарында медиация кабинеттері ашылып, мүмкіндіктер артуда. Қазақ халқы «Алтау ала болса, ауыздағы кетеді, төртеу түгел болса төбедегі келеді»- дейді. Татулықты ту еткен ата баба жолын жалғап, татулық пен бірлікте болайық! 

Ақмола гарнизоны әскери сотының

судьясы Е.Ибраимов